Bissektrisa (qizil)

Bissektrisa (lotincha: "bi-ikki marta" — "ikki marta va lotincha: sectio — kesish, kesuvchi) — biror burchak uchidan chiquvchi va uni teng ikkiga boʻluvchi nur bo'ladi. U berilgan burchakdan chiqib uni teng ikkiga boʻladi(60⁰=30⁰.30⁰). 3a tomondan bissektrissa o'tqazilsa ular bir joyda kesishadi.

Uchburchakda bissektrisalarning uzunligi

Quyidagi formulalarni olish uchun Styuart teoremasidan foydalanishingiz mumkin.


Quyidagi formulalar Styuart teoremasidan kelib chiqgan.

lc=ab(a+b+c)(a+b−c)a+b=2abp(p−c)a+b{\displaystyle l_c = {\sqrt{ab(a+b+c)(a+b-c)}\over{a+b}}=\dfrac{2 \sqrt{abp(p-c)}}{a+b}}, bu yerda p{\displaystyle p} yarim perimetr.
lc=ab−albl{\displaystyle l_c = \sqrt{ab-a_lb_l}}
lc=2abcos⁡γ2a+b{\displaystyle l_c = \frac {2ab\cos\frac{\gamma}{2}}{a+b}}
lc=2alblcos⁡γ2al2+bl2−2alblcos⁡(γ){\displaystyle l_c = \dfrac {2a_lb_l\cos\dfrac{\gamma}{2}}\sqrt{a_l^2+b_l^2-2a_lb_l\cos{(\gamma})}}.
lc=hccos⁡α−β2{\displaystyle l_c = \frac {h_c}{\cos \frac {\alpha-\beta}{2}}}.

Uchburchakning uchta burchak bissektrisalari uchun A{\displaystyle A}, B{\displaystyle B} va C{\displaystyle C} uzunliklari mos ravishda la,lb,{\displaystyle l_a, l_b,} va lc{\displaystyle l_c}, formula oʻrinli boʻla oladi[1].

(b+c)2bcla2+(c+a)2calb2+(a+b)2ablc2=(a+b+c)2{\displaystyle \dfrac{(b+c)^2}{bc}l_a^2+ \dfrac{(c+a)^2}{ca}l_b^2+\dfrac{(a+b)^2}{ab}l_c^2 = (a+b+c)^2},
wc2=aw⋅bw−ab=CE2=BE⋅AE−ab{\displaystyle w_c^2=a_w \cdot b_w-ab=CE^2=BE \cdot AE-ab},

Inmarkazi (uchburchakning uchta ichki bissektrisasining kesishish nuqtasi) A{\displaystyle A} burchakning ichki bissektrisasini b+ca{\displaystyle \frac{b+c}{a}} ga nisbatan ajratadi, Bu yerda:

  • a,b,c{\displaystyle a, b, c} uchburchakning mos ravishda A,B,C{\displaystyle A, B, C} uchlariga qarama-qarshi tomonlari,
  • α,β,γ{\displaystyle \alpha, \beta, \gamma} — mos ravishda A,B,C{\displaystyle A, B, C} uchlaridagi uchburchakning ichki burchaklari,
  • hc{\displaystyle h_c} - c{\displaystyle c} tomoniga tushirilgan uchburchak balandligi.
  • lc{\displaystyle l_c} - ichki bissektrisaning c{\displaystyle c} tomoniga chizilgan uzunligi,
  • al,bl{\displaystyle a_l, b_l} - ichki bissektrisa lc{\displaystyle l_c} tomoni c{\displaystyle c} bo‘ladigan segmentlarning uzunliklari,
  • wc{\displaystyle w_c} - C{\displaystyle C} choʻqqisidan AB{\displaystyle AB} tomonning kengaytmasigacha chizilgan tashqi bissektrisa uzunligi.
  • aw,bw{\displaystyle a_w, b_w} - tashqi bissektrisa wc{\displaystyle w_c} tomonini c=AB{\displaystyle c=AB} va uning davomini asosiga ajratadigan segmentlarning uzunliklari. bissektrisaning oʻzi.
  • Agar median m{\displaystyle m}, balandlik h{\displaystyle h} va ichki bissektrisa t{\displaystyle t} uchburchakning bir xil cho'qqisidan kelib chiqsa, uning atrofida aylana radiusi chegaralangan{\displaystyle chegaralangan}, keyin R bo'ladi.[2]
4R2h2(t2−h2)=t4(m2−h2).{\displaystyle 4R^2h^2(t^2-h^2)=t^4(m^2-h^2).}




Adabiyotlar

  • OʻzME. Birinchi jild. Toshkent, 2000-yil



  1. ↑ Simons, Stuart. Mathematical Gazette 93, March 2009, 115—116.
  2. ↑ Altshiller-Court, Nathan, College Geometry, Dover Publ., 2007.