Jan Koum sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

{{Shaxsiyat
 |ismi = Yan Kum
 |asl ismi = Jan Boris Koum<ref>[http://www.algemeiner.com/2014/02/23/mazel-tov-to-jan-koum-of-whatsapp/ Mazal Tov to Jan Koum of WhatsApp]</ref>
 |portret = Jan_Koum_(cropped).jpg
 |eni = 250px
 |tavallud sanasi = {{tugʻilgan sanasi va yoshi|1976|2|24}}
 |tavallud joyi = {{TavalludJoyi|Kiyev}}, [[Ukraina]], [[SSSR]]
 |fuqaroligi = {{USA}}
 }}
'''Yan Kum''' ({{Lang-uk|Ян Борисович Кум}}, [[1976-yil]] [[24-fevral]]) – kelib chiqishi ukrain boʻlgan milliarder, amerikalik biznesmen va kompyuter dasturchisi<ref name=":0">{{Veb manbasi |muallif=Elia-Shalev |ism=Asaf |sana=2022-06-15 |sarlavha=WhatsApp's reclusive founder has quietly become a megadonor to Jewish causes |url=https://www.jta.org/2022/06/15/united-states/whatsapps-reclusive-founder-has-quietly-become-a-megadonor-to-jewish-causes |qaralgan sana=2023-12-15 |ish=Jewish Telegraphic Agency |til=en-US}}</ref>. [[2014-yil]]da [[Facebook]] tomonidan 19,3 milliard AQSh dollariga sotib olingan mobil xabar almashish ilovasi – [[WhatsApp]] asoschisi va sobiq bosh direktori. [[Forbes]] maʼlumotlariga koʻra, uning boyligi [[2023-yil]] oktyabrda 15,2 milliard [[AQSh dollari]]ni tashkil etgan va bu uni dunyodagi eng boy odamlardan biriga aylantiradi<ref>{{Veb manbasi |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/jan-koum/ |sarlavha=Forbes profile: Jan Koum |ish=Forbes |qaralgan sana=20 May 2022}}</ref>. Kum 2023-yilda [[Forbes 400|Forbes jurnalining eng boy amerikaliklar roʻyxatida]] 44-oʻrinni egallagan<ref>{{Veb manbasi |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/jan-koum/?list=forbes-400&sh=1a218dbf370f |ish=Forbes |sarlavha=Forbes 400 2023 profile: Jan Koum |sana=October 2023 |qaralgan sana=9 October 2023}}</ref><ref>[http://hitech.vesti.ru/news/view/id/4046 Iz derevni v milliarderi: istoriya sozdatelya WhatsApp Yana Kuma]</ref>.

== Biografiyasi ==
Yan Borisovich Kum [[1976-yil]] [[24-fevral]]da [[Ukraina Sovet Sotsialistik Respublikasi|Ukraina SSRning]] [[Kiyev|Kiyev shahrida]] [[Yahudiylar|yahudiy]] oilasida tugʻilgan<ref name=":0" />. U [[Fastiv|Fastivda]] oʻsgan. [[1992-yil]]da, 16 yoshida onasi va buvisi bilan [[Mountain View (California)|Kaliforniyaning Mountain View]] shahriga koʻchib oʻtdi<ref>{{Jurnal manbasi |last=Rowan |first=David |date=February 19, 2014 |title=WhatsApp: The inside story (Wired UK) |url=https://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2014-02/19/whatsapp-exclusive |magazine=Wired UK |publisher=Wired.co.uk |access-date=2014-02-20 |arxiv-sana=2016-05-02 |arxiv-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160502180239/http://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2014-02/19/whatsapp-exclusive |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Ijtimoiy qoʻllab-quvvatlash dasturi tufayli ikki xonali kichkina kvartira olishgan<ref name="Forbes">{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=Parmy Olson |date=February 19, 2014 |title=Exclusive: The Rags-To-Riches Tale Of How Jan Koum Built WhatsApp Into Facebook's New 69 Billion Baby |work=[[Forbes]] |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/parmyolson/2014/02/19/exclusive-inside-story-how-jan-koum-built-whatsapp-into-facebooks-new-19-billion-baby/ |access-date=February 20, 2014}}.</ref>. Uning otasi [[Ukraina|Ukrainani]] tark etmadi va 1997-yilda vafot etdi<ref name="Forbes" /><ref>[http://jewishbusinessnews.com/2014/02/20/whatsapp-jan-koum-the-story-of-a-man-who-kept-it-simple/ WhatsApp: Jan Koum – The Story Of A Man Who Kept It Simple], [[Jewish Business News]], Feb 20th, 2014</ref>. Kum va uning onasi vafotigacha otasi bilan aloqada boʻlishdi<ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=Olson |first=Parmy |title=Exclusive: The Rags-To-Riches Tale Of How Jan Koum Built WhatsApp Into Facebook's New 79 Billion Baby |language=en |work=Forbes |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/parmyolson/2014/02/19/exclusive-inside-story-how-jan-koum-built-whatsapp-into-facebooks-new-19-billion-baby/#6b8fb0982fa1 |access-date=2018-08-10}}</ref>. Avvaliga onasi enaga boʻlib ishlagan, u esa oziq-ovqat doʻkonida farrosh boʻlib ishlagan<ref>[http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303636404579395560102335816 In Pricey Facebook Deal for WhatsApp, Two Strong-Willed CEOs]: Mr. Koumʼs father, Boris, stayed behind and planned to join the family later, Mr. Goetz said.</ref>. Uning onasi saraton kasalligi bilan uzoq davom etgan kurashdan soʻng, 2000-yilda vafot etdi<ref>{{Citation |year= |title=Ян Кум (WhatsApp): «Месседжинг — последнее, что я был готов попробовать» |url=http://www.hopesandfears.com/hopesandfears/experience/interview/125901-hi-app-heroes |access-date=2015-01-01 |archivedate=2014-04-24 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140424180023/http://www.hopesandfears.com/hopesandfears/experience/interview/125901-hi-app-heroes }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |year= |title=Рождённый в СССР: История хакера Яна Кума, который построил WhatsApp и стал миллиардером |url=http://www.hopesandfears.com/hopesandfears/entrepreneurs/story/125839-who-is-jan-koum |access-date=2015-01-01 |archivedate=2014-04-24 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140424183715/http://www.hopesandfears.com/hopesandfears/entrepreneurs/story/125839-who-is-jan-koum }}</ref><ref>[http://www.forbes.ru/milliardery/251155-zhizn-kak-chudo-istoriya-uspekha-osnovatelya-whatsapp-yana-kuma Jizn kak chudo: istoriya uspexa osnovatelya WhatsApp Yana Kuma]</ref><ref>[http://www.dw.de/whatsapp-kak-immigrant-s-ukraini-yan-kum-stal-v-ssha-milliarderom/a-17447925 WhatsApp: Kak immigrant s Ukraini Yan Kum stal v SShA milliarderom]</ref>.

[[1997-yil]]da Kum Ernst & Young kompaniyasida ishlayotgan vaqtda Brayan Akton bilan tanishgan<ref name="Forbes2">{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=Parmy Olson |date=February 19, 2014 |title=Exclusive: The Rags-To-Riches Tale Of How Jan Koum Built WhatsApp Into Facebook's New 109 Billion Baby |work=[[Forbes]] |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/parmyolson/2014/02/19/exclusive-inside-story-how-jan-koum-built-whatsapp-into-facebooks-new-19-billion-baby/ |access-date=February 20, 2014}}.</ref>. Oʻsha yilning oxirida uni [[Yahoo!]] infratuzilma muhandisi sifatida ishga oldi. Tez orada oʻqishni tashladi<ref name="Forbes2" />. Keyingi toʻqqiz yil davomida Kum va Akton Yahoo! shirkatida birga ishladi. 2007-yil sentyabr oyida ular Janubiy Amerika boʻylab sayohat qilib, frizbi oʻynab, bir yil dam olishdi. Ikkalasi ham [[Facebook|Facebookda]] ishlash uchun ariza berishgan, ammo rad javobini olishgan<ref name="Forbes2" />.

[[2009-yil]] yanvar oyida Kum [[iPhone]] sotib oldi va oʻsha paytdagi yetti oylik [[App Store (iOS/iPadOS)|App Store doʻkonida]] butunlay yangi ilovalar sanoati paydo boʻlishini tushundi. Doʻsti Aleks Fishman bilan yangi ilova gʻoyasi haqida soatlab gaplashgan<ref name="Forbes3">{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=Parmy Olson |date=February 19, 2014 |title=Exclusive: The Rags-To-Riches Tale Of How Jan Koum Built WhatsApp Into Facebook's New 119 Billion Baby |work=[[Forbes]] |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/parmyolson/2014/02/19/exclusive-inside-story-how-jan-koum-built-whatsapp-into-facebooks-new-19-billion-baby/ |access-date=February 20, 2014}}.</ref>. Kum ilovaga „WhatsApp“ („What is happened“, yaʼni „nima boʻldi“ kabi eshitiladi) nomini tanladi. Bir hafta oʻtgach, 33 yoshga toʻlgan kuni Kaliforniyada WhatsApp Inc kompaniyasiga asos soldi<ref name="Forbes3" />.

WhatsApp dastlab mashhur boʻlmagan, ammo 2009-yil iyun oyida [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] ilovalarga push-bildirishnomalar qoʻshgandan soʻng, mashhurlasha boshladi. Kum foydalanuvchilarga xabar kelganida WhatsAppni „ping“ qilish funksiyasini qoʻshdi. Koʻp oʻtmay Fishmanning mintaqadagi rus doʻstlari bilan SMS oʻrniga WhatsAppdan xabar almashish vositasi sifatida foydalanishni boshladi<ref name="Forbes4">{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=Parmy Olson |date=February 19, 2014 |title=Exclusive: The Rags-To-Riches Tale Of How Jan Koum Built WhatsApp Into Facebook's New 129 Billion Baby |work=[[Forbes]] |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/parmyolson/2014/02/19/exclusive-inside-story-how-jan-koum-built-whatsapp-into-facebooks-new-19-billion-baby/ |access-date=February 20, 2014}}.</ref>. Ilova katta foydalanuvchilar bazasiga ega boʻldi va Kum oʻsha paytda ishsiz boʻlgan Aktonni kompaniyaga qoʻshilishga ishontirdi. Akton 250000 dollar mablagʻ olib kelganidan keyin, Kum unga shirkat hammuassisi maqomini berdi<ref name="Forbes4" />.

2014-yil [[9-fevral]]da [[Mark Zuckerberg]] Kumga [[Facebook]] boshqaruv kengashiga aʼzo boʻlishni rasman taklif qildi. Oʻn kun oʻtgach, Facebook WhatsAppni 19 milliard dollarga sotib olganini eʼlon qildi<ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=Olson |first=Parmy |date=2009-02-24 |title=Exclusive: The Rags-To-Riches Tale Of How Jan Koum Built WhatsApp Into Facebook's New 139 Billion Baby |work=Forbes |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/parmyolson/2014/02/19/exclusive-inside-story-how-jan-koum-built-whatsapp-into-facebooks-new-19-billion-baby/ |access-date=2014-02-20}}</ref><ref>{{Veb manbasi |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-02-20/facebook-acquires-whatsapp-in-19-billion-deal/5272010 |sarlavha=Facebook acquires WhatsApp in massive deal worth 149 billion - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) |nashriyot=Abc.net.au |sana=February 20, 2014 |qaralgan sana=2014-02-20}}</ref><ref>{{Veb manbasi |url=http://mashable.com/2014/02/19/whatsapp-founders-jan-koum-brian-acton/ |sarlavha=WhatsApp Founders Are Low Key — And Now Very Rich |nashriyot=Mashable.com |sana=2013-10-26 |qaralgan sana=2014-02-20}}</ref><ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi |date=February 20, 2014 |title=WhatsApp's Founder Goes From Food Stamps to Billionaire |work=Bloomberg.com |publisher=Bloomberg News |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-02-20/whatsapp-s-founder-goes-from-food-stamps-to-billionaire.html |access-date=February 20, 2014}}</ref><ref name="guardian">{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=Wood |first=Zoe |date=February 20, 2014 |title=Facebook turned down WhatsApp co-founder Brian Acton for job in 2009 |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/feb/20/facebook-turned-down-whatsapp-co-founder-brian-acton-job-2009 |access-date=21 February 2014}}</ref>. 2016-yilning birinchi yarmida Kum 2,4 milliard dollarlik Facebook aksiyalarini sotdi, bu uning umumiy mulkini yarmini tashkil etardi<ref>{{Veb manbasi |url=http://www.insidermole.com/insider/koum-jan |sarlavha=Jan Koum Insider Trading Overview |ish=www.insidermole.com |qaralgan sana=2017-09-28 |arxivsana=2020-08-09 |arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809013448/https://www.insidermole.com/insider/koum-jan }}</ref>.

2018-yilning aprel oyida Kum Facebook bilan kelishmovchiliklar tufayli WhatsAppni tark etishini va Facebook direktorlar kengashi tarkibidan ketishini eʼlon qildi<ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=Dwoskin |first=Elizabeth |date=2018-04-30 |title=WhatsApp founder plans to leave after broad clashes with parent Facebook |language=en-US |work=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/whatsapp-founder-plans-to-leave-after-broad-clashes-with-parent-facebook/2018/04/30/49448dd2-4ca9-11e8-84a0-458a1aa9ac0a_story.html |access-date=2018-04-30 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref>. Avvaliga u ketish orqali deyarli 1 milliard dollarlik investitsiya qilinmagan aksiyalarini yoʻqotishi kutilgan edi<ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi |date=2018-05-08 |title=Next change for Facebook: New board director, executives reshuffled |language=en-US |work=The Mercury News |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/05/08/next-change-for-facebook-new-board-director-executives-reshuffled/ |access-date=2018-05-09}}</ref>. Biroq, bir necha oy oʻtgach, u hali ham Facebookda rasman ishlayotgani va „dam olish“ deb nomlangan usul orqali kompaniyadan 450 million dollarlik aksiya ishlab olgani maʼlum boʻldi<ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=Leswing |first=Kif |date=2018-08-15 |title=The billionaire cofounder of WhatsApp is 'resting and vesting' — showing up to Facebook and barely working to collect a $450 million payday |language=en-US |work=Business Insider Singapore |url=https://www.businessinsider.sg/whatsapp-founder-jan-koum-rest-and-vest-for-450-million-facebook-stock-2018-8/?r=UK&IR=T |url-status=dead |access-date=2018-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200102131538/https://www.businessinsider.sg/whatsapp-founder-jan-koum-rest-and-vest-for-450-million-facebook-stock-2018-8/?r=UK&IR=T |archive-date=January 2, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=Salinas |first=Sara |date=2018-08-15 |title=The WhatsApp founder who left Facebook is still employed, in an apparent move to vest stock |work=CNBC |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/08/15/whatsapps-jan-koum-left-facebook-but-is-still-showing-up-to-vest-stock.html |access-date=2018-08-16}}</ref>.

== Manbalar ==
{{manbalar}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Koum, Jan}}
[[Turkum:AQSh tadbirkorlari]]
[[Turkum:AQSh milliarderlari]]
[[Turkum:Yashayotgan insonlar]]
[[Turkum:Amerikalik dasturchilar]]