Shusha sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

{{Bilgiquti aholi punkti
| oʻzbekcha nomi = Shusha
| asl nomi = {{lang-az|Şuşa}}<br />{{lang-hy|Շուշի}}
| image_skyline = ShushaCollection2021.jpg
|tasvir_eni=280px
| mavqe = Shahar
| mamlakat = Ozarbayjon
| mintaqa turi = Ozarbayjonning maʼmuriy boʻlinishi{{!}}Iqtisodiy rayon
| mintaqa = Qorabogʻ iqtisodiy rayoni{{!}}Qorabogʻ
| jadvalda mintaqa =
| tuman turi = Ozarbayjonning maʼmuriy boʻlinishi{{!}}Tuman
| tuman = Shusha rayoni{{!}}Shusha
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| rahbar turi = Hokim
| rahbar = [[Bayram Safarov]]
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| maydon = 5.5
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| AP markazi balandligi = 1,800
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| rasmiy til = ozarbayjon tili
| aholi = 4,064<ref name="2015 pop">{{veb manbasi |title=Table 1.6 NKR urban and rural settlements grouping according to de jure population number |url=http://stat-nkr.am/files/publications/2016/Mardahamar_2015_eng/CHAPTER%20%202/1_6.pdf |website=stat-nkr.am |publisher=Population Census 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200307091745/http://stat-nkr.am/files/publications/2016/Mardahamar_2015/MAS_2/1_6LXH.pdf |archive-date=7 March 2020}}</ref>
| sanalgan yil = 2015
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| avtomobil kodi = AZ-SUS
| identifikator turi =
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|sayt = {{URL|shusha-ih.gov.az}}
| Commons turkumi = Shusha
}}

'''Shusha''' ({{Lang-az|Şuşa}}) / '''Shushi''' ({{Lang-hy|Շուշի}}) — [[Ozarbayjon]]dagi shahar, [[Shusha tumani]]ning maʼmuriy markazi, Ozarbayjonning madaniy poytaxti<ref name="столица">{{Veb manbasi|url=https://president.az/articles/51394|sarlavha=Текст распоряжения на Официальном сайте президента Азербайджанской Республики|kirish sanasi=2021-05-07|arxivsana=2021-05-07|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507081833/https://president.az/articles/51394}}</ref>. Qorabogʻ tizmasi etaklarida, dengiz sathidan 1368 m balandlikda, Stepanakert-Goris avtomobil yoʻlida joylashgan. [[Xonkandi|Stepanakert]] janubida (''Xonkendi'').

Shusha 1752-yilda [[Qorabogʻ xonligi]]ni himoya qilish uchun qal’a sifatida tashkil etilgan va dastlab ''Panahobod'' deb nomlangan{{Oʻtishga|Основание города}}. 1822-yil noyabrda Qorabogʻ xonligi Shusha viloyatiga aylantirilgach, u viloyat markazi va musulmon oʻlkalari harbiy okrugi boshligʻi general-[[General-leytenant|leytenant]] [[knyaz]] V. G. Madatovning qarorgohiga aylandi. 1840-yildan Shusha [[Rossiya imperiyasi]] Kaspiy viloyatining okrug shahri, 1846-yil 14-dekabrdan yangi tashkil etilgan Shamaxi, 1859-yildan esa Boku viloyati tarkibiga kirgan. 1867-yil dekabrda [[Yelizavetpol guberniyasi]] tarkibiga kirdi{{Oʻtishga|XIX — начало XX вв.}}.

== Madaniyati ==
[[File:Uzeir Hajibeyov's family (Uzeir is on the top, left side), Shusha, 1915.jpg|thumb|upright|Ozarbayjon bastakori [[Üzeyir Hacıbəyov]] (yuqoridan chapda) oilasi bilan Shushada, 1915-yil]]

Shusha ham arman, ham ozarbayjon madaniyati yodgorliklari mavjud boʻlsa, uning atrofidagi hududlarda ham koʻplab qadimgi arman qishloqlari joylashgan<ref name="Central Asia p. 297">''Crossroads and Conflict: Security and Foreign Policy in the Caucasus and Central Asia'', by Gary K. Bertsch — 2000 — 316 pages, p. 297</ref>.

Shusha koʻpincha Ozarbayjon musiqa va sheʼriyatining beshigi va [[Ozarbayjon madaniyati]]ning yetakchi markazlaridan biri sanaladi{{sfn|De Waal|2003|p= 189}}<ref name="Mattew O 2004">Mattew OʻBrien. ''Uzeir Hajibeyov and His Role in the Development of Musical Life in Azerbaijan''. — Routledge, 2004. — S. 211. — {{ISBN|0-415-30219-6}}, 9780415302197</ref>, 2021-yil yanvar oyida Ozarbayjonning madaniy poytaxti deb eʼlon qilingan<ref name="столица"/>. Shahar, ayniqsa, ozarbayjonlarning mugʻom deb nomlangan anʼanaviy vokal va cholgʻu sanʼati janri bilan mashhur<ref>''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'', „Azerbaijan“: [http://search.eb.com/eb/article-44296 Cultural life] {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206211604/https://academic.eb.com/ |date=6 February 2021 }}, Online Academic Edition, 2007.</ref>. Ozarbayjonlar uchun Shusha „Kavkaz [[konservatoriya]]si“ hisoblanadi. Ozarbayjonning eng mashhur shoirasi [[Xurshidbonu Notavon]], bastakor [[Üzeyir Hacıbəyov|Uzeyir Hojibeyov]], opera xonandasi [[Bulbul]] va Ozarbayjonning <nowiki>XX</nowiki> asrning birinchi romanchilaridan biri Yusif Vezir Chemenzeminli shu yerda tugʻilgan{{sfn|De Waal|2003|p= 189}}. Koʻzga koʻringan ozarbayjon shoiri, Qorabogʻ xonligining vaziri [[Molla Panah Vogif|Mulla Panoh Voqif]] Shushada yashab, vafot etgan. 1982-yildan boshlab har yili Shushada Voqif sheʼriyat kunlari oʻtkazib kelinmoqda. Anʼana 2021-yilda tiklandi<ref>{{yangiliklar manbasi |title=Days of Vagif Poetry again in Shusha after 39 years |url=https://www.azernews.az/nation/182775.html |access-date=4 November 2021 |agency=AzerNews |date=31 August 2021 |language=en |archive-date=23 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220223200056/https://www.azernews.az/nation/182775.html |url-status=live }}</ref>.

Shusha armanlarning ham tarixiy diniy va madaniy markazi hisoblanadi<ref>''Looking toward Ararat: Armenia in Modern History'', by [[Ronald Grigor Suny]] — 1993 — 289 pages, p. 195</ref><ref>''A Typographical Gazetteer'', by Henry Cotton — 2008 — p. 206</ref>. Shahardagi arman aholisi tarixan toʻrtta asosiy cherkovga ega boʻlib, ularning har biri arman aholisining kelib chiqish joyi sharafiga nomlangan: Gazanchetsots ([[Qozonchi (Naxichevan)|Qozonchi]]; rasmiy ravishda Muqaddas Najotkor sobori), Aguletsos Bogomateri cherkovi ([[Yuqori Aylis|Agulis]]), Meghretsots Bogomateri cherkovi ([[Meghri]]) va Karabaxtsots (Qorabogʻ viloyati; cherkov Kanach Zham nomi bilan mashhur)<ref name="Makar">{{kitob manbasi |last=Barkhudaryan |first=Makar |date=1895 |title=Artsakh |url=https://artsakhlib.am/en/2019/02/25/%D5%A1%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%AD-2/ |location=Baku |publisher="Aror" Publishing House |pages=137–138 |language=hy |access-date=27 January 2021 |archive-date=21 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121221917/https://artsakhlib.am/en/2019/02/25/%D5%A1%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%AD-2/ |url-status=live }}</ref>. Shushada, shuningdek, Kusanats Vank („Bokira qizlar monastiri“) yoki Anapat Kusanats („Bokira qizlar ermitaji“) nomli monastirlar majmuasi joylashgan edi<ref name="Makar"/>. 1989-yilda Karabaxtsots sobori yangi tiklangan [[Arman apostol cherkovi]] Artsax yeparxiyasining qarorgohiga aylantirildi<ref>{{veb manbasi|title=Diocese of Artsakh of the Armenian Apostolic Church|url=http://www.gandzasar.com/diocese-of-artsakh.htm|publisher=Gandzasar.com|access-date=25 May 2013|archive-date=28 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130528142817/http://gandzasar.com/diocese-of-artsakh.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>.

[[File:Grikor Mirzayan Suni Сhorus at Shushi in 1902.png|thumb|Arman bastakori Grikor Mirzayan Suni xor bilan Shushida (1902)]]

Shusha arman musiqasi tarixida muhim oʻrin tutadi, arman bastakori Grikor Suni va uning xorining ona shahri va qarorgohi hisoblanadi<ref>{{kitob manbasi|author= Ṛuben Tʻerlemezyan|title= Haykakan zhoghovrdakan yerger[Armenian folk songs]|location= Yerevan|publisher= Petakan Hratarakchʻutʻyun|year= 1935|oclc= 62180596|url= http://suniproject.org/grigor-suni-mirzayan-armenian-folk-songs-haikakan-zhoghovrdakan-yerger-1935-yerevan/|quote= His hometown of Shushi ( a.k.a. Shusha) is in Karabakh (Gharabagh) the easternmost region of Historic Armenia.|access-date= 5 October 2021|archive-date= 2021-10-05|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211005183704/http://suniproject.org/grigor-suni-mirzayan-armenian-folk-songs-haikakan-zhoghovrdakan-yerger-1935-yerevan/|url-status= live|chapterurl= http://suniproject.org/grigor-suni-mirzayan-armenian-folk-songs-haikakan-zhoghovrdakan-yerger-1935-yerevan/}}</ref>. Suni arman musiqasining milliy oʻziga xosligini oʻrnatishda muhim rol oʻynagan va zamonaviy arman musiqasining asoschilaridan biri hisoblanadi<ref name= suni>{{jurnal manbasi|author= Karine Vann|title= Why This Composer Made Melodies Out of Mountainsides|magazine= Smithsonian (Serial)|publisher= Smithsonian Magazine|date= June 30, 2017|issn= 0037-7333|url= https://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/why-composer-made-melodies-out-mountainsides-180963889/|access-date= October 5, 2021|archive-date= 5 October 2021|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211005183700/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/why-composer-made-melodies-out-mountainsides-180963889/|url-status= live}}</ref><ref>{{jurnal manbasi|author= Burcu Yıldız|title= Construction of 'national identity in Armenian music historiography [Ermeni müziği tarih yazımında 'milli kimlik'kurgusu]|journal= Journal of Human Sciences|volume= 10|number= 1|pages= 1524–1536|year= 2013|publisher= Sakarya University|issn= 2458-9489|url= https://www.j-humansciences.com/ojs/index.php/IJHS/article/view/2587|access-date= 5 October 2021|archive-date= 5 October 2021|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211005183704/https://www.j-humansciences.com/ojs/index.php/IJHS/article/view/2587|url-status= live|archivedate= 2021-10-05|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20211005183704/https://www.j-humansciences.com/ojs/index.php/IJHS/article/view/2587}}</ref>. Bundan tashqari, 1891-yilda ochilgan Xondamiryan yoki Shushi teatri arman madaniy sanʼatiga, xususan musiqasiga qoʻshgan muhim hissasi bilan mintaqada mashhur boʻladi<ref>{{kitob manbasi|title= Treasures of Artsakh-Karabagh|author= Shahen Mkrtchyan|author-link= :hy:Շահեն Մկրտչյան|date= 2002|location= Yerevan|publisher= Tigran Mets Publishing House|pages= 3–6|isbn= 9789993052678|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=NYslAQAAMAAJ|access-date= 5 October 2021|archive-date= 5 October 2021|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211005183702/https://books.google.com/books/about/Treasures_of_Artsakh_Karabagh.html?id=NYslAQAAMAAJ|url-status= live}}</ref>. Xondamirian teatrida Suni oʻzining ilk spektaklini namoyish etdi. 1902-yilga kelib, Suni Shushada oʻzining Sharq madaniyati ansamblini tashkil qildi va birinchi katta konsertini oʻtkazdi, bu esa rus hukumati ansamblni Shushadan chiqarib yuborishi bilan muammoga duch keldi va ular butun dunyo boʻylab arman madaniy musiqasini tarqatishdi<ref>{{kitob manbasi|author= Grikor Suni|editor= Henrik Bakhchinyan|translator= Dickran and Anahit Toumajan|title= Armenian Music|url= http://tert.nla.am/archive/HAY%20GIRQ/Ardy/2001-2011/suwni_2005.pdf|location= Yerevan|publisher= Museum of Literature and Art|year= 2005|pages= 126–128|isbn= 99930-60-59-3|access-date= 5 October 2021|archive-date= 5 October 2021|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211005183707/http://tert.nla.am/archive/HAY%20GIRQ/Ardy/2001-2011/suwni_2005.pdf|url-status= live}}</ref>. Shusha, shuningdek, atoqli arman xonandasi, raqqosasi, [[Armaniston SSR]] xalq artisti Arev Bagdasaryanning ham ona shahri edi<ref>{{yangiliklar manbasi|title= Arev Bagdasaryan|work= Illustrated Weekly of Pakistan|volume= 17|year= 1965|pages= 31–33|location= Karachi|publisher= Pakistan Herald Publications|issn= 0019-2449}}</ref>.

Shusha, shuningdek, [[Kavkazorti|Janubiy Kavkazdan]] kelgan sileh gilamlari, pol qoplamalari bilan mashhur. Kavkazdan kelganlar Shusha yaqinida toʻqilgan boʻlishi mumkin. Shunga oʻxshash Sharqiy [[Onadoʻli]] tipi odatda turli xil ranglarni namoyon qiladi<ref>[[Encyclopædia Britannica]], „[http://search.eb.com/eb/article-9001272 sileh rug] {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907165523/https://academic.eb.com/ |date=7 September 2021 }}“, Online Academic Edition, 2007.</ref>.

2020-yil noyabr oyida [[Turkvizyon qoʻshiq tanlovi]] tashkilotchilari tanlovning 2021-yilgi versiyasini Shushada oʻtkazish imkoniyatlarini oʻrganayotganliklarini maʼlum qilishdi<ref name="nazimgizi">{{Veb manbasi |first=Shafiga |last=Nazimgizi |url=https://report.az/en/cultural-policy/shusha-may-host-turkvision-song-contest/ |title=Shusha may host Turkvision Song Contest |date=18 November 2020 |access-date=17 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/20210117224418/https://report.az/en/cultural-policy/shusha-may-host-turkvision-song-contest/ |archive-date=17 January 2021 |work=Report Information Agency |url-status=live }}</ref> va 2021-yil yanvar oyida [[Ozarbayjon Respublikasi Madaniyat vazirligi]] [[Xaribulbul musiqa festivali]] va Voqif sheʼriyati kunlariga tayyorgarlik ishlarini boshladi<ref>{{Veb manbasi |url=https://www.news.az/news/azerbaijan-launches-preparation-for-khari-bulbul-festival-days-of-vagifs-poetry-in-shusha-span-classred-highlightphotospan |title=Azerbaijan launches preparation for Khari Bulbul festival, Days of Vagif's Poetry in Shusha (PHOTO) |date=21 January 2021 |access-date=27 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/20210127062048/https://www.news.az/news/azerbaijan-launches-preparation-for-khari-bulbul-festival-days-of-vagifs-poetry-in-shusha-span-classred-highlightphotospan |archive-date=27 January 2021 |work=International News.az |url-status=live }}</ref>.

== Qardosh shaharlari ==
* {{flagicon|HUN}} [[Gyöngyös]], Vengriya<ref>{{veb manbasi|url=http://en.apa.az/news/192611|title=Gyöngyös city of Hungary fraternize with Azerbaijan's occupied town of Shusha - PHOTOSESSION|first=APA Information Agency, APA |last=Holding|website=apa.az|access-date=3 April 2018|archive-date=5 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130805044408/http://en.apa.az/news/192611|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|TUR}} [[Qayseri]], Turkiya<ref>{{veb manbasi|url=http://interfax.az/view/831983|title=Шуша и Кайсери станут городами–побратимами|first=Interfax Азербайджан|last=Holding|website=interfax.az|access-date=13 April 2021 |archive-date=13 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413123233/http://interfax.az/view/831983|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|KAZ}} [[Turkiston (shahar)|Turkiston]], Qozogʻiston<ref>{{yangiliklar manbasi |title=Токаев и Алиев подписали декларацию об «укреплении стратегических отношений» между Казахстаном и Азербайджаном |url=https://rus.azattyq.org/a/32002556.html/ |website=Радио Азаттык |access-date=26 August 2022 |language=ru |date=24 August 2022 |archive-date=25 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220825234132/https://rus.azattyq.org/a/32002556.html/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* {{flagicon|TUR}} [[Arzirum]], Turkiya<ref>{{veb manbasi |title=Между Шушой и Эрзурумом подписан протокол о побратимстве - ФОТО |url=https://ru.baku.ws/politika/162853 |website=Baku.ws |access-date=4 October 2022 |language=ru |date=21 September 2022 |archive-date=23 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230923063747/https://ru.baku.ws/politika/162853 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* {{flagicon|BUL}} [[Veliko Tarnovo]], Bolgariya<ref>{{veb manbasi |title=Шуша и Велико-Тырново стали побратимами (Фото) |url=https://www.kaspiy.az/goroda-shusha-i-veliko-tyrnovo-stali-pobratimami-foto |website=Газета Каспий |access-date=4 October 2022 |language=ru |date=30 September 2022 |archive-date=1 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001050050/https://www.kaspiy.az/goroda-shusha-i-veliko-tyrnovo-stali-pobratimami-foto |url-status=live }}</ref>
* {{Flagicon|Uzbekistan}} [[Xiva]], [[Oʻzbekiston]]<ref>{{yangiliklar manbasi |title=O‘zbekiston–Ozarbayjon: biryo‘la 8 shahar o‘zaro birodar bo‘ldi |url=https://www.xabar.uz/uz/siyosat/ozbekistonozarbayjon-biryola-8-shahar |accessdate=24-may 2024-yil |agency=Xabar gazetasi |publisher=[[Xabar.uz]] |date=2023-yil 1-mart |location=[[Toshkent]]}}</ref>
== Manbalar ==
{{manbalar}}

== Adabiyotlar ==
* {{ensiklopediya manbasi |title= Georgia v. Linguistic Contacts With Iranian Languages |last= Chkeidze |first= Thea |url= http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/georgia-v- |encyclopedia = Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. X, Fasc. 5 |pages= 486–490 |year= 2001 }}
* {{kitob manbasi|last=De Waal|first=Thomas|author-link=Thomas de Waal|title=Black Garden: Armenia and Azerbaijan Through Peace and War|url=https://archive.org/details/blackgardenarmen0000dewa|date=2003|publisher=NYU Press|isbn=9780814785782}}
* {{ensiklopediya manbasi |last1= Everett-Heath |first1= John | article = Shusha | title=The Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names |date=2018 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0191866326 |edition=4|url=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780191866326.001.0001/acref-9780191866326-e-6841?rskey=8RFr1f&result=2}}
* {{kitob manbasi |last1= Fisher |first1= William Bayne |last2= Avery |first2= P. |last3= Hambly |first3= G. R. G. |last4= Melville |first4= C. |title= The Cambridge History of Iran |volume= 7 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=H20Xt157iYUC&q=agha+muhammad+khan+invade+georgia |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location= Cambridge |year= 1991 |isbn= 0521200954 }}
* {{kitob manbasi |last=Mikaberidze |first=Alexander |title=Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclopedia |volume=1 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2011 |isbn=978-1598843361}}
* {{kitob manbasi|last= Walker|first= Christopher J.|author-link= Christopher J. Walker|chapter= The Armenian presence in mountainous Karabakh|title= Transcaucasian Boundaries|editor1= John Wright|editor2= Richard Schofield|editor3=  [[Suzanne Goldenberg]]|location= London|publisher= Taylor & Francis |year= 2000|isbn= 9781135368500}}

== Havolalar == 
{{Qardosh loyihaga ishorat |commons=Shusha |voy=Shusha |n=no |q=no |s=no |b=no |v=no}}
* [http://shusha.aznet.org/ Shusha: A dan Z gacha]
* [http://www.livejournal.com/users/kunstkamera/112795.html Shusha — oʻliklar shahri. Fotoreportaj.]
* [http://www.travel-images.com/az-shusha.html Shusha] Travel-images.com
* [http://www.shoushi.am Shoushi Foundation] {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221104704/http://shoushi.am/ |date=2021-12-21 }}
* [http://www.shoushi.nk.am/am/shoushi/shoushi.php Shushi portal] {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130724064427/http://www.shoushi.nk.am/am/shoushi/shoushi.php |date=24 July 2013 }}
* [http://www.armeniapedia.org/index.php?title=Rediscovering_Armenia_Guidebook-_Shushi_Region Shushi boʻyicha arman qoʻllanma boʻlimi]
* [http://www.armeniapedia.org/index.php?title=Shushi_Town Armeniapedia entry on Shushi]
* [http://randbild.photoshelter.com/gallery/Shushi-The-Twentieth-Spring/G0000.6aUitqt6d4/ „The Twentieth Spring“] — A photo essay on Shushi 20 years after it was taken over by Armenian forces (randbild | 2011).

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