Skeytbording sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

{{Sport bilgiqutisi
| nom        = Skeytbording
| tasvir     = Lenna skates in front of the Barclays Center - Brooklyn, NY.jpg
| tasvirizoh = [[Brooklyn|Brooklyn, New York]]dagi [[Barclays Center]] oldida skeytbordchi (2019)
| uyushma    = 
| boshqanom  = 
| qachondan  = 
| mintaqa    = Dunyo boʻylab
| royxat     = 
| klublar    = 
| kontakt    = 
| jamoa      = 
| aralashjins= Turli jins vakillari uchun alohida
| turkum     = 
| anjom      = 
| joy        =
| eskirgan   =
| olimpik    = [[2020-yilgi Yozgi Olimpiada|2020]]
| paralimpik =
}}

[[Skeytbording]] — [[Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari]]da paydo boʻlgan harakat sport turi boʻlib, u skeytbordda minish va tryuklarni bajarish, shuningdek, koʻngilochar mashgʻulot va transport turini oʻz ichiga oladi<ref name="Architecture">{{cite book|last=Borden|first=Iain|author-link=Iain Borden|title=Skateboarding and the City: A Complete History|location=[[Bloomsbury]], London, England|publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing]]|year=2019|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hb-EDwAAQBAJ|isbn=9781474208420|oclc=1083120279|lccn=2018015183|doi=10.5040/9781474208420|s2cid=200160492|access-date=December 31, 2020|via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Extreme Market Research|url=http://www.webdelsol.com/Topic/articles/04/howell.html|work=Topic Magazine|publisher=Topic Magazine|access-date=August 17, 2012|author=Ocean Howell|year=2003|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120822093557/http://www.webdelsol.com/Topic/articles/04/howell.html|archive-date=August 22, 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>. Bu sport turi yillar davomida koʻplab skeytbordchilar tomonidan shakllantirilgan va hissa qoʻshib kelinmoqda. 2009-yilgi maʼlumotlarga koʻra skeytbording bozorining yillik daromadi taxminan 4,8 milliard dollarni tashkil etishi va dunyoda 11,08 million faol skeytbordchilar borligi aniqlangan<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.shop-eat-surf.com/2009/05/the-state-of-the-skateboarding-industry |title=The state of the skateboarding industry |date=May 12, 2009 |access-date=July 23, 2014 |first=Tiffany |last=Montgomery |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812232423/http://www.shop-eat-surf.com/2009/05/the-state-of-the-skateboarding-industry/ |archive-date=August 12, 2014 |df=mdy-all }}</ref>. 2016-yilda ilk bor [[Tokio]]da boʻlib oʻtadigan [[Olimpiada oʻyinlari]]ga kiritilishi va turli jins vakillari uchun alohida musobaqalar oʻtkazilishi eʼlon qilindi<ref>{{cite web |url=http://theridechannel.com/features/2016/08/olympic-games-skateboarding-tokyo-2020 |title=Skateboarding Is Officially an Olympic Sport. What Now? |date=August 6, 2016 |access-date=August 8, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812071914/http://theridechannel.com/features/2016/08/olympic-games-skateboarding-tokyo-2020 |archive-date=August 12, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>.

1970-yillardan boshlab skeytparklar skeytbordning turli xil yoʻnalishi bilan shugʻullanadiganlar uchun va  yaqindan boshlab skuter uchadiganlar uchun ham qurilgan va quilib boryabdi<ref name="taqiq">{{veb manbasi |title=Brief History of Skateboarding |url=https://www.liveabout.com/brief-history-of-skateboarding-3002042 |website=https://www.liveabout.com |qaralgan sana=2023-04-10 |arxivsana=2017-01-07 |arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170107202543/http://skateboard.about.com/cs/boardscience/a/brief_history_2.htm }}</ref>. Biroq, skeytbording sport turi bilan baʼzi noqonuniy joylarda, masalan, yoʻl chetlari, zinapoyalar, oʻrindiqlar va bogʻlarda shugʻullanish orqali ularga zarar yetkazilayotgani hali ham munozarali bahs boʻlib qolmoqda<ref name="Architecture"/><ref name=skateboarding>{{cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/nationalmallplan/Documents/Penn/PAAV_Management_Plan_5-14-2014.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304004018/https://www.nps.gov/nationalmallplan/Documents/Penn/PAAV_Management_Plan_5-14-2014.pdf|archive-date=March 4, 2017|access-date=March 29, 2017|date=April 2014|title=Skateboarding|pages=24–25|work=Pennsylvania Avenue National Historic Site Management Plan: Visitor Information, Education and Enjoyment|publisher=[[National Mall and Memorial Parks]]: [[National Park Service]]: [[United States Department of the Interior]]|location=Washington, D.C.|quote=Skateboarding damages stonework, walls, steps, and sculpture in some areas and presents a persistent law enforcement and management challenge. Damaged areas include stone facing on memorials, benches, and other surfaces. Moreover, popular websites advertise the attractiveness of these areas for skateboarding, which indicates the large scope of this challenge.  .... Actions: .... In park areas replace and maintain “No Skateboarding” signs that have been vandalized.}}</ref>.

==Tarixi==
===1940-1960-yillarda===
Birinchi skeytbordlar yogʻoch qutilar yoki taxtalardan yasala boshlangan, pastki qismga skeyt gʻildiraklari oʻrnatilgan. Skeytbordlardan oldin skuterlar taxtaning old qismiga biriktirilgan yogʻoch sandiqlar va oddiy tutqichlarni biriktirish orqali hosil qilingan<ref name="Gnarly">{{cite book |last1=Marcus |first1=Ben |last2=Grggi |first2=Lucia |title=The Skateboard: The Good, the Rad, and the Gnarly: An Illustrated History |publisher=MVP Book |year=2011 |isbn=9780760338056 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NxembYuScL8C |access-date=October 26, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150320011028/http://books.google.com/books?id=NxembYuScL8C |archive-date=March 20, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="taqiq"/><ref name="Wave">{{cite book| last = Brooke| first = Michael| title = The Concrete Wave: The History of Skateboarding| url = https://archive.org/details/concretewavehist00broo| publisher = Warwick Publishing Inc| year = 1999| isbn = 1894020545}}</ref>. Oddiy qutilardan yasala boshlagan skeytbord taxtasi bugungi kunda skeytbord palubasiga oʻxshash taxtalarga oʻzgartirildi<ref name="Architecture"/>.

Skeytbording, bugungi kunda mavjud boʻlganidek, 1940-yillarning oxiri yoki 1950-yillarning boshlarida<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-02-11 |title=THE PREHISTORIC SKATEBOARD? |url=https://www.jenkemmag.com/home/2015/02/11/the-prehistoric-skateboard/ |access-date=2022-10-10 |website=Jenkem Magazine |language=en}}</ref>, [[Kaliforniya]]dagi [[syorfing]]<nowiki/>chilar toʻlqinlar tekis boʻlganda nimadir qilishni xohlagan paytda oʻylab topilgan. Bu ''yoʻlakdagi syorfing'' deb nomlandi va syorfingning yangi boʻlimi sifatida juda ham ommalashdi. Birinchi skeytbordni kim yasaganini hech kim bilmaydi; bir vaqtning oʻzida bir nechta odamlar skeytbord yasashning turli xil gʻoyalari bilan chiqqan. Birinchi ishlab chiqarilgan skeytbordlar [[Los-Anjeles]]dagi ([[Kaliforniya]]) syorfing doʻkoni tomonidan buyurtma qilingan boʻlib, ular syorfingchilar syorfing bilan shugʻullanishdan ortgan vaqtlarida uchishlari uchun moʻljallangan. Doʻkon egasi, Bill Richard, [[Chikago]]dagi Roller Skate Company bilan skeyt gʻildiraklari toʻplamlarini ishlab chiqarish boʻyicha shartnoma tuzdi<ref>{{Cite web |last=Clayman |first=Andrew |title=Chicago Roller Skate Co., est. 1905 |date=November 28, 2021 |url=https://www.madeinchicagomuseum.com/single-post/chicago-roller-skate-co/ |url-status=live}}</ref> va ular kvadrat yogʻoch taxtalarga biriktirildi. Shunga koʻra, skeytbording dastlab ''yoʻlak boʻylab syorfing'' deb atalgan va dastlabki skeytbord uchuvchilari syorfingdagi uslub va harakatlarga taqlid qilganlar va yalangoyoq uchishgan<ref name="Gnarly"/><ref name="Architecture"/>{{sfn|Weyland|2002|p=21}}.

1960-yillarga kelib, Janubiy Kaliforniyadagi Jek, Kips, [[:n:Hobart Alter|Hobie]], Bing va Makaha kabi kam sonli syorfing ishlab chiqaruvchilari kichik syorf taxtalariga oʻxshash skeytbordlar qurishni va oʻz mahsulotlarini targʻib qilishni boshladilar. Skeytbord boʻyicha eng qadimgi koʻrgazmalardan biri 1963-yilda Makaha asoschisi [[:en:Larry Stevenson|Larry Stevenson]] tomonidan homiylik qilingan va Kaliforniyaning [[Hermosa Beach]] shahridagi ''Pier Avenue Junior High School''da oʻtkazilgan<ref>{{cite book |last=Rompella |first=Natalie |title=Famous Firsts: The Trendsetters, Groundbreakers & Risk-Takers Who Got America Moving! |publisher=Lobster Press |year=2007 |isbn=9781897073551 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bc-_uWnoZWwC&pg=PA30 |access-date=November 14, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617083449/https://books.google.com/books?id=bc-_uWnoZWwC&pg=PA30 |archive-date=June 17, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.thanemagazine.com/2012/08/brian-logan-interview/ |title = Brian Logan Interview |author = gbemi |work = Thane Magazine |date = August 29, 2012 |access-date = October 27, 2012 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120901100145/http://www.thanemagazine.com/2012/08/brian-logan-interview/ |archive-date = September 1, 2012 |url-status = live }}</ref><ref name="taqiq"/>. Xuddi shu skeytbordchilar jamoalarining baʼzilari 1964-yilda Sten Richards tomonidan mezbonlik qilgan ''Surfʼs Up'' nomli telekoʻrsatuvda ham namoyish etildi, bu skeytbordingni yangi va qiziqarli mashgʻulot sifatida targʻib qilishga yordam berdi<ref>{{cite book|title= The Skateboarder's Journal – Lives on Board|first= Jack|last= Smith|publisher= The Morro Skateboard Group|year= 2009|isbn= 9780557100859|access-date= October 26, 2012|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=s3IROVSEMZ4C&q=Surf%27s+Up+with+Stan+Richards&pg=PA290|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140708213430/http://books.google.com/books?id=s3IROVSEMZ4C&pg=PA290&lpg=PA290&dq=Surf%27s+Up+with+Stan+Richards#v=onepage&q=Surf%27s%20Up%20with%20Stan%20Richards&f=false|archive-date= July 8, 2014|url-status= live}}</ref>.

Skeytbordning mashhurligi kengayib borar ekan, birinchi skeytbord jurnali [[:en:The Quarterly Skateboarder|The Quarterly Skateboarder]] 1964-yilda nashr etilgan. Jurnalni nashr etgan [[:en:John Severson|John Severson]] oʻzining birinchi tahririyatida shunday yozgan:
{{Quote|text=''Bugungi skeytbordchilar ushbu sport turining asoschilari - ular kashshoflar - ular birinchi. Skeytbordingda tarix yoʻq - uni hozir siz yaratasiz. Sport shakllanmoqda va biz hozir toʻgʻri ish qilish sportning yorqin kelajagiga olib kelishiga ishonamiz. Allaqachon, ufqda boʻronli bulutlar mavjud boʻlib, sportning muxoliflari taqiq va cheklovlar haqida gapirishmoqda.''|author=[[:en:John Severson|John Severson]] |source=<ref name="writers">{{cite web | last = Lannes | first = Xavier | title = Five writers that changed the way we read skateboarding magazines | year = 2011 | url = http://blog.istia.tv/2011/12/five-writers-that-changed-way-we-read.html | access-date = November 12, 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120625231555/http://blog.istia.tv/2011/12/five-writers-that-changed-way-we-read.html | archive-date = June 25, 2012 | url-status = live }}</ref>}}

==Manbalar==
{{manbalar}}

[[Turkum:Sport turlari]]
[[Turkum:Skeytbording]]
[[Turkum:Skeytbording bo`yicha chala maqolalar]]